Topography and Microhardness Changes of Nanofilled Resin Composite Restorations Submitted to Different Finishing and Polishing Systems and Erosive Challenge

Fernanda Michel Tavares  Canto; Adílis Kalina  Alexandria; Marcela Baraúna  Magno; Eduardo Moreira  da Silva; Lucianne Cople  Maia

Authors

Fernanda Michel Tavares Canto
Adílis Kalina Alexandria
Marcela Baraúna Magno
Eduardo Moreira da Silva
Lucianne Cople Maia

Keywords:

Tooth Erosion, Dental Materials, Composite Resins, Dental Polishing

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the topography and microhardness of composite resin restorations submitted to different finishing and polishing systems before and after erosive challenge. Material and Methods: Thirty standardized cavities prepared in enamel-dentin blocks of bovine incisors were restored with Z350 composite resin, and randomly distributed into three groups (n=10) according to the finishing and polishing systems: G1 = Soflex 4 steps, G2 = Soflex Spiral 2 steps and G3 = PoGo (single step). The specimens were half protected with nail varnish and submitted to five immersions in Pepsi Twist®, for 10 minutes each, five times/day during six consecutive days. The initial and final challenge surface microhardness (SMHinitial and SMHfinal) of the composite resin was evaluated and the percentage of SMH loss (%SMHL) was calculated. After protection removal, the topographic change linear (Ra) and volumetric (Sa) roughness was evaluated in initial and final areas by using 3D non-contact optical profilometry and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Data were analyzed by paired Student's t-test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and by ANOVA and Tukey’s test. Results: There was significant intra-group %SMHL in composite resin (p<0.05). Differences among groups in %SMHL, Ra/Sa in resin composite were not observed (p>0.05). SEM images revealed structural changes between the initial and final surfaces for all groups. Conclusion: The three types of finishing and polishing systems had a similar influence on %SMHL, Ra and Sa in the nanofilled composite resin.

References

Ganss C. Definition of erosion and links to tooth wear. Monogr Oral Sci 2006; 20:9-16. https://doi.org/10.1159/000093344

Ten Gate J, Imfeld T. Dental erosion, summary. Eur J Oral Sci 1996; 104(2):241-4. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0722.1996.tb00073.x

Karda B, Jindal R, Mahajan S, Sandhu S, Sharma S, Kaur R. To analyse the erosive potential of commercially available drinks on dental enamel and various tooth coloured restorative materials – an in-vitro study. J Clin Diagn Res JCDR 2016; 10(5):ZC117-21. https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2016/16956.7841

Guedes APA, Oliveira-Reis B, Catelan A, Suzuki TYU, Briso ALF, Santos PHD. Mechanical and surface properties analysis of restorative materials submitted to erosive challenges in situ. Eur J Dent 2018; 12(4):559-65. https://doi.org/10.4103/ejd.ejd_188_18

Da Costa J, Ferracane J, Paravina RD, Mazur RF, Roeder L. The effect of different polishing systems on surface roughness and gloss of various resin composites. J Esthet Restor Dent 2007; 19(4):214-24. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1708-8240.2007.00104.x

Aykent F, Yondem I, Ozyesil AG, Gunal SK, Avunduk MC, Ozkan S. Effect of different finishing techniques for restorative materials on surface roughness and bacterial adhesion. J Prosthet Dent 2010; 103(4):221-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3913(10)60034-0

Bollen CM, Lambrechts P, Quirynen M. Comparison of surface roughness of oral hard materials to the threshold surface roughness for bacterial plaque retention: a review of the literature. Dent Mater 1997; 13(4):258-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0109-5641(97)80038-3

Antonio AG, Iorio NL, Pierro VS, Candreva MS, Farah A, Dos Santos KR, et al. Inhibitory properties of Coffea canephora extract against oral bacteria and its effect on demineralisation of deciduous teeth. Arch Oral Biol 2011; 56(6):556-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2010.12.001

Turkun LS, Turkun M. The effect of one-step polishing system on the surface roughness of three esthetic resin composite materials. Oper Dent 2004; 29(2):203-11.

Soares LES, De Carvalho Filho AC. Protective effect of fluoride varnish and fluoride gel on enamel erosion: roughness, SEM-EDS, and µ-EDXRF studies. Microsc Res Tech 2015; 78(3):240-8. https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.22467

Soares LE, Soares AL, De Oliveira R, Nahórny S. The effects of acid erosion and remineralization on enamel and three different dental materials: FT-Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy analysis. Microsc Res Tech 2016; 79(7):646-56. https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.22679

Queiroz, CS, Hara AT, Paes Leme AF, Cury JA. pH-cycling models to evaluate the effect of low fluoride dentifrice on enamel de- and remineralization. Braz Dent J 2008;19(1):21-7. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0103-64402008000100004

Nassur C, Alexandria AK, Pomarico L, de Sousa VP, Cabral LM, Maia LC. Characterization of a new TiF4 and β- cyclodextrin inclusion complex and its in vitro evaluation on inhibiting enamel demineralization. Arch Oral Biol 2013; 58(3):239-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2012.11.001

Alexandria AK, Vieira TI, Pithon MM, da Silva Fidalgo TK, Fonseca-Gonçalves A, Valença AM, et al. In vitro enamel erosion and abrasion-inhibiting effect of different fluoride varnishes. Arch Oral Biol 2017; 77:39-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.01.010

Park JW, Song CW, Jung JH, Ahn SJ, Ferracane JL. The effects of surface roughness of composite resin on biofilm formation of Streptococcus mutans in the presence of saliva. Oper Dent 2012; 37(5):532-9. https://doi.org/10.2341/11-371-L

Nair VS, Sainudeen S, Padmanabhan P, Vijayashankar L, Sujathan U, Pillai R. Three-dimensional evaluation of surface roughness of resin composites after finishing and polishing. J Conserv Dent 2016; 19(1):91-5. https://doi.org/10.4103/0972-0707.173208

Vartanian, LR, Schwartz, MB, Brownell KD. Effects of soft drink consumption on nutrition and health: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Public Health 2007; 97(4):667-75. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2005.083782

Lussi A, Schlueter N, Rakhmatullina E, Ganss C. Dental erosion – an overview with emphasis on chemical and histopathological aspects. Caries Res 2011; 45(Suppl. 1):2-12. https://doi.org/10.1159/000325915

Dawes C. What is the critical pH and why does a tooth dissolve in acid? J Can Dent Assoc 2003; 69(11):722-5.

Yadav RD, Raisingani D, Jindal D, Mathur R. A comparative analysis of different finishing and polishing devices on nanofilled, microfilled, and hybrid composite: a scanning electron microscopy and profilometric study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016; 9(3):201-8. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1364

Erdemir U, Sancakli HS, Yildiz E. The effect of one-step and multi-step polishing systems on the surface roughness and microhardness of novel resin composites. Eur J Dent 2012; 6(2):198-205.

Ergücü Z, Türkün L, Aladag A. Color stability of nanocomposites polished with one-step systems. Oper Dent 2008; 33(4):413-20. https://doi.org/10.2341/07-107

Watanabe T, Miyazaki M, Takamizawa T, Kurokawa H, Rikuta A, Ando S. Influence of polishing duration on surface roughness of resin composites. J Oral Sci 2005; 47(1):21-5. https://doi.org/10.2334/josnusd.47.21