Assessment of the Need for Dental Treatment Resulting From Dental Trauma in 12-Year-Old Brazilian Schoolchildren: A Cross-Sectional Study

Haroldo Neves  de Paiva; Cibelly Mara Pereira  Araújo; Kayke Braulio  Silva; Talita Torquato Vinhal  Silva; Paulo Messias  de Oliveira Filho; Paula Cristina Pelli  Paiva

Authors

Haroldo Neves de Paiva
Cibelly Mara Pereira Araújo
Kayke Braulio Silva
Talita Torquato Vinhal Silva
Paulo Messias de Oliveira Filho
Paula Cristina Pelli Paiva

Keywords:

Epidemiology, Oral Health, Tooth Injuries, Tooth Fractures

Abstract

Objective: To identify the need for restorative treatment in 12-year-old Brazilian schoolchildren with dental trauma and its association with clinical and socioeconomic factors. Material and Methods: A cross- sectional population-based study was carried out with sample composed of 588 12-year-old students from the city of Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Data were collected from August to November 2016 through clinical examination, adopting the Andreasen classification and semi-structured questionnaire to verify the etiology and location of the accident that resulted in dental trauma. Statistical analysis included the frequency distribution and bi and multivariate analysis, with 5% significance level. Results: The presence of 219 traumatized teeth in 176 students was observed (29.9%). The main lesion was enamel fracture (41.4%), followed by enamel and dentin fracture (39.4%). The presence of restorative treatment was observed only in 11.5% of students. Fall (43.5%) was the most frequent etiology, followed by accidents on the streets (35.8%). Need for treatment was present in 53.4% of adolescents. Statistically significant association between males (p=0.010), severe overjet (p<0.0001) and inadequate lip protection (p<0.0001) and presence of dental trauma was observed. Maternal schooling over 8 years of study was statistically associated with need for restorative treatment (OR = 2.047; CI: 1.099-3.813; p=0.023). Conclusion: Prevalence of dental trauma, need for restorative treatment and number of adolescents with no access to restorative treatment in this study were high, point out that the health system is unable to satisfactorily prevent dental trauma and absorb all dental treatment demand resulting from dental trauma.

References

Andreasen JO, Andreasen FM, Anderson L. Textbook and Color Atlas of Traumatic Injuries to the Teeth. 4th ed. Oxford: Blackwell, 2007.

Andersson L. Epidemiology of traumatic dental injuries. J Endod 2013; 39(1):S2-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2012.11.021

Aldrigui JM, Jabbar NS, Bonecker M, Braga MM, Wanderley MT. Trends and associated factors in prevalence of dental trauma in Latin America and Caribbean: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2014; 42(1):30-42. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdoe.12053

Mamaladze M, Nizharadze N, Vadachkoria O. The peculiarities of treatment of uncomplicated and complicated injuries caused by trauma. Georgian Med News 2017; 262:28-32.

Zaleckiene V, Peciuliene V, Brukiene V, Drukteinis S. Traumatic dental injuries: etiology, prevalence and possible outcomes. Stomatologija 2014; 16(1):7-14.

Glendor U. Aetiology and risk factors related to traumatic dental injuries - a review of the literature. Dent Traumatol 2009; 25(1):19-31. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-9657.2008.00694.x

Traebert J, Bittencourt DD, Peres KG, Peres MA, Lacerda JT, Marcenes W. Aetiology and rates of treatment of traumatic dental injuries among 12-year-old school children in a town in southern Brazil. Dent Traumatol 2006; 22(4):173-8. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-9657.2006.00359

Ng L, Malandris M, Cheung W, Rossi-Fedele G. Traumatic dental injuries presenting to a paediatric emergency department in a tertiary children's hospital, Adelaide, Australia. Dent Traumatol 2020; https://doi.org/10.1111/edt.12548

Azami-Aghdash S, Ebadifard Azar F, Pournaghi Azar F, Rezapour A, Moradi-Joo M, Moosavi A, et al. Prevalence, etiology, and types of dental trauma in children and adolescents: systematic review and meta-analysis. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2015; 29(4):234.

Paiva PC, Paiva HN, Jorge KO, Oliveira Filho PM. Cross-sectional study on treatment needs, etiology and occurrence of traumatic dental injuries among 12-yearold schoolchildren in Montes Claros, Brazil. Arq Odontol 2013; 49(1):19-25.

Paiva HN, Paiva PCP, Silva CJP, Lamounier JA, Ferreira EF, Ferreira R, Kawachi I, Zarzar PM. Is there an association between traumatic dental injury and social capital, binge drinking and socioeconomic indicators among schoolchildren? Plos One 2015; 10(2):e0118484. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0118484.eCollection 2015

Bauss O, Freitag S, Röhling J, Rahman A. Influence of overjet and lip coverage on the prevalence and severity of incisor trauma. J Orofac Orthop 2008; 69(6):402-10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00056-008-8805-1

Dental Yeng T, O'Sullivan AJ, Shulruf B. Medical doctors' knowledge of dental trauma management: a review. Dent Traumatol 2020; 36(2):100-7 https://doi.org/10.1111/edt.12518

Correia TRGS, Pessoa DMV. Performance evaluation of dental care specialties centers of the Seridó Potiguar from 2012 to 2017. Rev Cienc Plur 2019; 5(3):54-71.

Glendor U, Jonsson D, Halling A, Lindqvist K. Direct and indirect costs of dental trauma in Sweden: a 2-year prospective study of children and adolescents. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2001; 29(2):150-60.

Enabulele JE, Oginni AO, Sede MA, Oginni FO. Pattern of traumatized anterior teeth among adult Nigerians and complications from late presentation. BMC Res Notes 2016; 9:70. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-016-1871-3

Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica. Demographic Census 2015. Dados dos distritos MG. Available from: <http://www.bnb.gov.br/content/aplicacao/prodetur/downloads/docs/mg_7_2_inventar_oferta_turistica_informac_basica_distrito_100708.pdf>. [Accessed on July 28, 2017]. [In Portuguese]

World Health Organization. Oral Health Surveys: Basic Methods. 4th ed. Geneva: WHO; 1997.

Traebert J, Almeida IC, Garghetti C, Marcenes W. Prevalence, treatment needs, and predisposing factors for traumatic injuries to permanent dentition in 11-13-year-old schoolchildren. Cad Saúde Pública 2004; 20(2):403-10.

Traebert J, Marcon KB, Lacerda JT. Prevalence of traumatic dental injuries and associated factors in schoolchildren of Palhoça, Santa Catarina State. Cien Saude Coletiva 2010; 15(Suppl 1):1849-55. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-81232010000700098

Antunes LA, Leão AT, Maia LC. The impact of dental trauma on quality of life of children and adolescents: a critical review and measurement instruments. Cien Saude Coletiva 2012; 17(12):3417-24. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-81232012001200026

Silva-Oliveira F, Goursand D, Ferreira RC, Paiva PCP, Paiva HN, Ferreira EF, et al. Traumatic dental injuries in Brazilian children and oral health-related quality of life. Dent Traumatol 2018; 34(1):28-35. https://doi.org/10.1111/edt.12358

Coulthard P, Yong SL, Adamson L, Warburton A, Worthington HV, Esposito M, et al. Domestic violence screening and intervention programmes for adults with dental or facial injury. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2015; 2015:CD004486. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD004486.pub4

Marcenes W, Al Beiruti N, Tayfour D, Issa S. Epidemiology of traumatic injuries to the permanent incisors of 9-12- year-old schoolchildren in Damascus, Syria. Endod Dent Traumatol 1999; 15(3):117-23.

Ferreira MC, Batista AM, Ferreira F de O, Ramos-Jorge ML, Marques LS. Pattern of oral-maxillofacial trauma stemming from interpersonal physical violence and determinant factors. Dent Traumatol 2014; 30(1):15-21. https://doi.org/10.1111/edt.12047

Paiva PCP, Paiva HN, Filho PMO, Lamounier JA, Zarzar PM. Exploratory study on the prevalence of dental injuries and obesity among 12-years-old schoolchildren in Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Arq Odontol 2013; 50(1):35-41.

Panzarini SR, Saad Neto M, Sonoda CK, Poi WR, Carvalho AC. Dental avulsion in young and adult patients in the region of Araçatuba. Rev Assoc Paul Cir Dent 2003; 57(1):27-31.

Hamilton FA, Hill FJ, Mackie IC. Investigation of lay know ledge of the management of avulsed permanent incisors. Endod Dent Traumatol 1997; 13(1):19-23.

Hartmann RC, Rossetti BR, Siqueira Pinheiro L, Poli de Figueiredo JA, Rossi-Fedele G, S Gomes M, et al. Dentists' knowledge of dental trauma based on the International Association of Dental Traumatology guidelines: a survey in South Brazil. Dent Traumatol 2019; 35(1):27-32. https://doi.org/10.1111/edt.12450

Chisini LA, San Martin AS, Silva JVJBF, Brambatti N, Pietro FS, Conde MCM, et al. Brazilian National Health System dental x-ray coverage in Southern Brazil in 2016: an ecological study. Epidemiol Serv Saude 28(1):e2018090 https://doi.org/10.5123/S1679-49742019000100005

Roque EM, Leitão HS, Alves ICR, Cadorin ES, Bezerras IMP. Therapeutic itineraries: knowing the user access trajectory for specialized treatment endodontity in the Rio Branco municipal health network – Acre. DeCien em Foco 2019; 3(2):47-66.

Feldens CA, Senna RA, Vargas-Ferreira F, Braga VS, Fendens EG, Kramer PF. The effect of enamel fractures on oral health-related quality of life in adolescents. Dent Traumatol 2019; https://doi.org/10.1111/3et.12526

Reis AG, Paiva PCP, Oliveira Filho PM. Prevalence of dental trauma and associated factors in 11 to 19-year-old students in the rural areas of the town of Diamantina, MG, Brazil. Arq Odontol 2014; 50(1):42-8.

Corrêa-Faria P, Martins CC, Bönecker M, Paiva SM, Ramos-Jorge ML, Pordeus IA. Clinical factors and socio- demographic characteristics associated with dental trauma in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Dent Traumatol 2016; 32(5):367-78. https://doi.org/10.1111/edt.12268