Impact of Augmented Reality Guided Toothbrushing on Oral Hygiene Parameters Among 6 – 8 Years-old Children: A Pilot Trial

Seema Deshmukh; Adithya Mahesh; Sreejeeta Dey

Authors

Seema Deshmukh
Adithya Mahesh
Sreejeeta Dey

Keywords:

Computer Simulation, Toothbrushing, Oral Hygiene, Technology

Abstract

Objective: To determine the effect of Augmented Reality (AR) - based toothbrushing on oral hygiene practices among 6-8yrs old children of Mysuru City. Material and Methods: A concurrent parallel examiner-blinded study was conducted on 6-8yrs old children. The participants were divided into two groups: a) the Conventional brushing group and b) the AR-assisted brushing group. Oral hygiene parameters were assessed at the baseline. The conventional group was given a manual toothbrush. The AR-assisted group received a Colgate Magik toothbrush. Both groups were followed up for two weeks. The acceptance of using AR-assisted brushing was recorded via feedback. The pre-post comparison within the group was carried out using a paired t-test. Results: An improvement in oral hygiene status with a significant reduction in the AR-assisted brushing group (p<0.0001) was observed. The percentage reduction in plaque and gingival bleeding scores was also higher in the AR-assisted brushing group. Conclusion: Augmented reality guided toothbrushing is an effective method to teach positive oral hygiene behavior in children.

References

Binezer J, Nagaraj V. Prevalence of dental caries among children in Indian population. J Sci Dent 2021; 11(1):29-30. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10083-0923

Mehta A. Trends in dental caries in Indian children for the past 25 years. Ind J Dent Res 2018; 29(3):323-328. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijdr.IJDR_615_17

Janakiram C, Antony B, Joseph J, Ramanarayanan V. Prevalence of dental caries in India among the WHO index age groups: A meta-analysis. J Clin Diagn Res 2018; 12(8):ZE08-ZE13. https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2018/32669.11956

Pandey P, Nandkeoliar T, Tikku AP, Singh D, Singh MK. Prevalence of dental caries in the Indian population: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2021; 11(3):256-265. https://doi.org/10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_42_21

Bagramian RA, Garcia-Godoy F, Volpe AR. The global increase in dental caries. A pending public health crisis. Am J Dent 2009; 22(1):3-8.

Bacca Acosta JL, Baldiris Navarro SM, Fabregat Gesa R, Graf S. Augmented reality trends in education: A systematic review of research and applications. J Educ Techno Soc 2014; 17(4):133-149.

Séblain D, Capitaine AG, Khonsari RH. Connected toothbrush, augmented reality and oral hygiene in children with cleft lip and palate. J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019; 120(1):83-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jormas.2018.09.001

Wu HK, Lee SW, Chang HY, Liang JC. Current status, opportunities, and challenges of augmented reality in education. Comput Educ 2013; 62:41-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2012.10.024

Turesky S, Gilmore ND, Glickman I. Reduced plaque formation by the chloromethyl analogue of victamine C. J Periodontol 1970; 41(1):41-43. https://doi.org/10.1902/jop.1970.41.41.41

Khan IM, Mani SA, Doss JG, Danaee M, Kong LY. Pre-schoolers’ tooth brushing behaviour and association with their oral health: a cross sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21(1):283. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-021-01643-8

Aljafari AK, Gallagher JE, Hosey MT. Failure on all fronts: General dental practitioners’ views on promoting oral health in high caries risk children: A qualitative study. BMC Oral Health 2015; 15:45. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-015-0032-8

Collett BR, Huebner CE, Seminario AL, Wallace E, Gray KE, Speltz ML. Observed child and parent toothbrushing behaviors and child oral health. Int J Paed Dent 2016; 26(3):184-192 https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fipd.12175

Jeon B, Oh J, Son S. Effects of tooth brushing training, based on augmented reality using a smart toothbrush, on oral hygiene care among people with intellectual disability in Korea. Healthcare 2021; 9(3):348. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9030348

Janacsek K, Fiser J, Nemeth D. The best time to acquire new skills: Age-related differences in implicit sequence learning across the human lifespan. Dev Sci 2012; 15(4):496-505. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7687.2012.01150.x

Lazonder AW, Janssen N, Gijlers H, Walraven A. Patterns of development in children’s scientific reasoning: Results from a three-year longitudinal study. Cogn Dev 2021; 22(1):108-124. https://doi.org/10.1080/15248372.2020.1814293

Glaze PM, Wade AB. Toothbrush age and wear as it relates to plaque control. J Clin Periodontol 1986; 13(1):52-56. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051x.1986.tb01414.x

Hebbal M, Ankola AV, Vadavi D, Patel K. Evaluation of knowledge and plaque scores in school children before and after health education. Dent Res J 2011; 8(4):189-196. https://doi.org/10.4103/1735-3327.86036

Kallar S, Srivastava N, Pandit I, Gugnani N. Plaque removal efficacy of powered and manual toothbrushes under supervised and unsupervised conditions: A comparative clinical study. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2011; 29(3):235-238. https://doi.org/10.4103/0970-4388.85832