Influence of the Social Support, Smoke and Alcohol Use on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Pregnant

Gabriela Bohrer Bolsson; Jessica Klöckner Knorst; Cristiane Medianeira Savian; Maísa Casarin; Patricia Pasquali Dotto; Bianca Zimmermann Santos

Authors

Gabriela Bohrer Bolsson
Jessica Klöckner Knorst
Cristiane Medianeira Savian
Maísa Casarin
Patricia Pasquali Dotto
Bianca Zimmermann Santos

Keywords:

Health Behavior, Oral Health, Pregnancy, Quality of Life, Social Support

Abstract

Objective: To assess the influence of social support, smoking, and alcohol use on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of pregnant women. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a random sample of 256 pregnant women at a public healthcare service in southern Brazil. OHRQoL was measured using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) questionnaire. A semi-structured questionnaire was administered to collect demographic, socioeconomic, social support, and deleterious habits data. Clinical examinations were performed to diagnose dental caries (DMFT index) and gingivitis (marginal gingival bleeding). A Poisson regression model was used to investigate the influence of pregnant' characteristics on OHRQoL. With this approach, we calculated rate ratio (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Results: The mean overall OHIP-14 score in the sample was 9.74 (SD=9.00). Pregnant women who presented poor social support reported the worst OHRQoL. Regarding deleterious habits, women who drank alcohol (RR=1.18; IC 95%: 1.05-1.33) and smoked (RR=1.20; 95% IC: 1.07-1.35) during pregnancy had higher means in OHIP-14. In addition, older and non-white women who presented untreated dental caries, ≥15% of marginal gingival bleeding, and low household income also reported worse OHRQoL. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that low support social and poor habits during pregnancy influence women's OHRQoL.

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