Prevention and Management of Dental Trauma in Primary Teeth in the Context of the COVID-19: A Critical Literature Review
Keywords:
Pediatric Dentistry, COVID-19, Tooth Injuries, EmergenciesAbstract
Objective: To evaluate and discuss the prevention and management of dental trauma in primary teeth during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and Methods: Critic literature review, searching electronic databases and Google for articles and guidelines published in English that described prevention and management of dental trauma in primary dentition during the pandemic of COVID-19. Results: 5 publications regarding management and 1 leaflet about prevention for parents were identified. Urgent care is required when the child presents tooth fracture resulting in pain or causing soft tissue trauma and luxation affecting bite. Avulsed teeth should not be replanted and advice and self-help may be sufficient in some situations. Instructions about soft diet and hygiene must be provided. Remote consults are recommended for non-urgent situations and during follow-up to evaluate the presence of sequelae. Aerosol generating procedures should be avoided and, in cases of poor prognosis, extraction is recommended to prevent recurring visits to the dental office. Conclusion: During COVID-19 pandemic, remote consults should be recommended to evaluate traumatic dental injuries in primary dentition. Follow-up should not be neglected and may be performed through remote consultation.References
Lam R. Epidemiology and outcomes of traumatic dental injuries: A review of the literature. Aust Dent J 2016; 61(Suppl 1):4-20. https://doi.org/10.1111/adj.12395
Levin L, Day PF, Hicks L, O'Conell A, Fouad AF, Bourguignon C, et al. International Association of Dental Traumatology guidelines for the management of traumatic dental injuries: General introduction. Dent Traumatol 2020; 36(4):309-13. https://doi.org/10.1111/edt.12574
Petti S, Glendor U, Andersson L. World traumatic dental injury prevalence and incidence, a meta-analysis — One billion living people have had traumatic dental injuries. Dent Traumatol 2018; 34(2):71-8. https://doi.org/10.1111/edt.12389
Glendor U. Epidemiology of traumatic dental injuries - A 12 year review of the literature. Dent Traumatol 2008; 24(6):603-1. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-9657.2008.00696.x
Siqueira MBLD, Gomes MC, Oliveira AC, Martins CC, Granville-Garcia AF, Paiva SM. Predisposing factors for traumatic dental injury in primary teeth and seeking of post-trauma care. Braz Dent J 2013; 24(6):647-54. https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201302352
World Health Organization. Director-General’s opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 - 11 March 2020. 2020. Available from: https://www.who.int/director-general/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19---11-march-2020. [Accessed on October 18, 2021].
Donohue JM, Miller E. COVID-19 and School Closures. JAMA 2020; 324(9):845-847. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.13092.
UNESCO. COVID-19 Impact on Education. Available from: https://en.unesco.org/covid19/educationresponse. [Accessed on October 18th, 2021]
Bressan S, Gallo E, Tirelli F, Gregori D, Da Dalt L. Lockdown: more domestic accidents than COVID-19 in children. Arch Dis Child 2020; 106(2):e3. https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2020-319547
Goswami M, Rahman B, Singh S. Outcomes of luxation injuries to primary teeth-a systematic review. J Oral Biol Craniofacial Res 2020; 10(2):227-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobcr.2019.12.001
Day PF, Flores MT, O'Connell AC, Abbott PV, Tsilingaridis G, Fouad AF, et al. International Association of Dental Traumatology guidelines for the management of traumatic dental injuries: 3. Injuries in the primary dentition. Dent Traumatol 2020; 36(4):343-59. https://doi.org/10.1111/edt.12576
Qassem A, Martins N da M, da Costa VPP, Torriani DD, Pappen FG. Long-term clinical and radiographic follow up of subluxated and intruded maxillary primary anterior teeth. Dent Traumatol 2015; 31(1):57-61. https://doi.org/10.1111/edt.12135
Ranka M, Dhaliwal H, Albadri S, Brown C. Trauma to the primary dentition and its sequelae. Dent Update 2013; 40(7):534-6, 539-40, 42. https://doi.org/10.12968/denu.2013.40.7.534
World Health Organization. Considerations for the provision of essential oral health services in the context of COVID-19. 2020. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/who-2019-nCoV-oral-health-2020.1 [Accessed on October 18, 2021].
Luzzi V, Ierardo G, Bossù M, Polimeni A. Paediatric oral health during and after the COVID-19 Pandemic. Int J Paediatr Dent 2020; 31(1):20-6. https://doi.org/10.1111/ipd.12737
Needleman HL. The art and science of managing traumatic injuries to primary teeth. Dent Traumatol 2011; 27(4):295-9. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-9657.2011.01005.x
Torraco RJ. Writing integrative literature reviews: guidelines and examples. Hum Resour Dev Rev 2005; 4(3):356-67. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534484305278283
Ayub K, Alani A. Acute endodontic and dental trauma provision during the COVID-19 crisis. Br Dent J 2020; 229(3):169-175. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41415-020-1920-0.
Ilyas N, Agel M, Mitchell J, Sood S. COVID-19 pandemic: the first wave - an audit and guidance for paediatric dentistry. Br Dent J 2020; 228(12):927-31. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41415-020-1702-8
International Association of Paediatric Dentistry. Infographics. Available from: https://iapdworld.org/education/iapd-infographics/. [Accessed on September 24, 2020].
Al-Halabi M, Salami A, Alnuaimi E, Kowash M, Hussein I. Assessment of paediatric dental guidelines and caries management alternatives in the post COVID-19 period. A critical review and clinical recommendations. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2020; 21(5):543-56. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40368-020-00547-5.
Luzzi V, Ierardo G, Bossù M, Polimeni A. COVID-19: pediatric oral health during and after the pandemics. Appl Sci 2020; 2020040002. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202004.0002.v1
Keall MD, Baker M, Howden-Chapman P, Cunningham M. Association between the number of home injury hazards and home injury. Accid Anal Prev 2008; 40(3):887-93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2007.10.003
Costa VPP, Bertoldi AD, Baldissera EZ, Goettems ML, Correa MB, Torriani DD. Traumatic dental injuries in primary teeth: Severity and related factors observed at a specialist treatment centre in Brazil. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2014; 15(2):83-8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40368-013-0068-x
Cagetti MG, Marcoli PA, Berengo M, Cascone P, Cordone L, Defabianis P, et al. Italian guidelines for the prevention and management of dental trauma in children. Ital J Pediatr. 2019; 45(1):157.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13052-019-0734-7
LeBlanc JC, Pless IB, King WJ, Bawden H, Bernard-Bonnin AC, Klassen T, et al. Home safety measures and the risk of unintentional injury among young children: A multicentre case-control study. CMAJ 2006; 175(8):883-7. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.050592
Peden M, Oyegbite K, Ozanne-Smith J, et al. (Editors). World Report on Child Injury Prevention. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2008. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK310641/. [Accessed on October 18, 2021].
Kendrick D, Young B, Mason-Jones AJ, Ilyas N, Achana FA, Cooper NJ, et al. Home safety education and provision of safety equipment for injury prevention (Review). Evidence-Based Child Heal 2013; 8(3):761. https://doi.org/10.1002/ebch.1911
Yang YT, Zhang W, Xie L, Li ZB, Li Z. Characteristic changes of traumatic dental injuries in a teaching hospital of Wuhan under transmission control measures during the COVID-19 epidemic. Dent Traumatol 2020; 36(6):584-9. https://doi.org/10.1111/edt.12589
Royal College of Surgeons. Recommendations for Paediatric Dentistry during COVID-19 pandemic. 2020. Available from: www.rcseng.ac.uk/dental-faculties/fds/coronavirus/. [Accessed on April 04, 2021].
Scottish Dental Clinical Effectiveness Programme. Management of Acute Dental Problems During COVID-19 Pandemic. 2020. Available form: https://www.sdcep.org.uk/published-guidance/acute-dental-problems-covid-19/ [Accessed on October 18, 2021].
Royal College of Surgeons. Recommendations for Paediatric Dentistry during the recovery phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. 2020. Available from: https://www.rcseng.ac.uk/dental-faculties/fds/coronavirus/. [Accessed on April 06, 2021].
Mallineni SK, Innes NP, Raggio DP, Araujo MP, Robertson MD, Jayaraman J. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): Characteristics in children and considerations for dentists providing their care. Int J Paediatr Dent 2020; 30(3):245-50. https://doi.org/10.1111/ipd.12653
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Pesquisa Brasileira em Odontopediatria e Clínica Integrada
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.