Alteration in Serum Lipid Profile Pattern in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Potentially Malignant Disorders

Anchala Gaurav  Agrawal; Anil Kumar  Nagarajappa; Vinod  Bandela; Gaurav  Agrawal; Shailendra Singh  Chaturvedi; Santosh R.  Patil

Authors

Anchala Gaurav Agrawal
Anil Kumar Nagarajappa
Vinod Bandela
Gaurav Agrawal
Shailendra Singh Chaturvedi
Santosh R. Patil

Keywords:

Pathology, Oral, Mouth Neoplasms, Oral Submucous Fibrosis, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate and compare lipid profile level in oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), oral leukoplakia (OL) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients. Material and Methods: Thirty histopathologically diagnosed subjects each of OL, OSMF, OSCC were recruited along with 30 healthy controls. 5ml of venous blood is collected and estimated using standard diagnostic kits. Results: The mean of Total cholesterol level in controls was 219.03 mg%, in OSCC, OL and OSMF was 142.89 ± 10.21mg%, 155.44 ± 17.63 mg% and 180.60 ± 13.25 mg%, respectively. The mean low-density lipid level in controls was 137.24 mg and in OSCC, OL and OSMF groups were 109.28 ± 2.16 mg%, 126.63 ± 0.85 mg% and 119.15 ± 0.93 mg%, respectively. The mean of high-density lipid level in controls, OSCC, OL and OSMF was 42.87 ± 0.42 mg%, 36.50 ± 2.31 mg%, 21.13 ± 0.77 mg% and 28.37 ± 1.11mg%, respectively. The mean of very low density lipids level in controls, OSCC, OL and OSMF was 30.12 ± 1.51 mg%, 17.24 ± 0.80 mg%, 22.25 ± 0.93 mg% and 25.89 ± 0.43 mg%, respectively. The mean triglyceride level in controls, OSCC, OL and OSMF was 118.80 ± 9.47 mg%, 91.2 ± 3.03 mg%, 105.05 ± 2.96 mg% and 106.19 ± 3.09 mg%, respectively. Conclusion: Lipid profile levels could be early indicators of precancer and cancer.

References

Srivastava KC. Saliva’s oxidant-antioxidant profile in oral cancer. Int J Med Dent 2019; 23(2):215-22.

Srivastava KC. Comparative evaluation of saliva's oxidant-antioxidant status in patients with different clinicopathological types of oral leukoplakia. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2019; 9(4):396-402. https://doi.org/10.4103/jispcd.JISPCD_179_19

Srivastava KC, Shrivastava D. Analysis of plasma lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes status in patients of oral leukoplakia: a case control study. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2016; 6(Suppl 3):S213-S218. https://doi.org/10.4103/2231-0762.197195

Ghaedi E, Rahrovani F, Javanbakht MH, Ehsani AH, Esrafili A, Mohammadi H, et al. Retinol and α-tocopherol levels in the serum and subcutaneous adipose tissue of newly diagnosed basal cell carcinoma patients. Iran J Public Health 2019; 48(10):1838-46.

Rahrovani F, Javanbakht MH, Ehsani AH, Esrafili A, Mohammadi H, Ghaedi E, et al. Erythrocyte membrane saturated fatty acids profile in newly diagnosed basal cell carcinoma patients. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2018; 23:107-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2017.11.007

Scully C, Bagan JV, Hopper C, Epstein JB. Oral cancer: current and future diagnostic techniques. Am J Dent 2008; 21(4):199-209.

Kark JD, Smith AH, Hames CG. Serum retinol and the inverse relationship between serum cholesterol and cancer. Br Med J 1982; 284(6310):152-4. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.284.6310.152

Peterson C, Vitols S, Rudling M, Blomgren H, Edsmyr F, Skoog L. Hypocholesterolemia in cancer patients may be caused by elevated LDL receptor activities in malignant cells. Med Oncol Tumor Pharmacother 1985; 2(3):143-7. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02934541

Eichholzer M, Stähelin HB, Gutzwiller F, Lüdin E, Bernasconi F. Association of low plasma cholesterol with mortality for cancer at various sites in men: 17-y follow-up of the prospective Basel study. Am J Clin Nutr 2000; 71(2):569-74. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/71.2.569

Reddy AV, Killampalli LK, Prakash AR, Naag S, Sreenath G, Biraggari SK. Analysis of lipid profile in cancer patients, smokers, and nonsmokers. Dent Res J 2016; 13(6):494-9. https://doi.org/10.4103/1735-3327.197036

Ray A, Dayalu Naik SL, Bahadur AK, Pasha ST, Rautela RS, Sharma BK. Serum lipids, lipoproteins and sex-hormone binding globulin in breast cancer. Indian J Clin Biochem 2001; 16(1):101-5. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02867576

Patel PS, Shah MH, Jha FP, Raval GN, Rawal RM, Patel MM, et al. Alterations in plasma lipid profile patterns in head and neck cancer and oral precancerous conditions. Indian J Cancer 2004; 41(1):25-31.

Gupta S, Gupta S. Alterations in serum lipid profile patterns in oral cancer and oral precancerous lesions and conditions - a clinical study. Indian J Dent 2011; 2(2):1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0975-962X(11)60002-6

Singh S, Ramesh V, Premalatha B, Prashad KV, Ramadoss K. Alterations in serum lipid profile patterns in oral cancer. J Nat Sci Biol Med 2013; 4(2):374-8. https://doi.org/10.4103/0976-9668.116994

Kumar P, Singh A, Sankhla B, Naraniya A. Alteration in plasma lipid profile in oral submucous fibrosis patients: A case control study. South Asian J Cancer 2013; 2(3):147-9. https://doi.org/10.4103/2278-330X.114134

Kanthem RK, Guttikonda VR. Serum lipid profile in oral submucous fibrosis: A clinico pathological study. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2015; 19(2):139-44. https://doi.org/10.4103/0973-029X.164522

Neerupakam M, Alaparthi RK, Sathish S, Katta SA, Polisetty N, Damera S. Alterations in plasma lipid profile patterns in oral cancer. J Indian Acad Oral Med Radiol 2014; 26(3):274-8.

Lohe VK, Degwekar SS, Bhowate RR, Kadu RP, Dangore SB. Evaluation of correlation of serum lipid profile in patients with oral cancer and precancer and its association with tobacco abuse. J Oral Pathol Med 2010; 39(2):141-8. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0714.2009.00828.x

Mehrotra R, Pandya S, Chaudhary AK, Singh HP, Jaiswal RK, Singh M, et al. Lipid profile in oral submucous fibrosis. Lipids Health Dis 2009; 8:29. https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-511X-8-29