LIBERALIZAÇÃO COMERCIAL EM BANGLADESH: UMA ANÁLISE DE SEUS IMPACTOS PARA A MÃO DE OBRA FEMININA DEDICADA À PRODUÇÃO DE VESTUÁRIO DESDE OS ANOS 1980 A PARTIR DA PERSPECTIVA COMÉRCIO E GÊNERO
Palavras-chave:
Bangladesh, Comércio Internacional, Desigualdades de gêneroResumo
O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar quais foram os impactos do processo de liberalização comercial realizada a partir da década de 1980 em Bangladesh para a mão de obra feminina dedicada à produção de vestuário nesse país, tendo em vista o alto índice de empregabilidade de mulheres na força de trabalho no setor nas últimas décadas e a sua grande representatividade na produção e exportação mundial. Parte-se da premissa de que as economias têm estruturas diferentes, que tendem a ter repercussões específicas e efeitos distributivos diferenciados sobre homens e mulheres. A partir de uma pesquisa que aplica a perspectiva comércio e gênero e reúne dados empíricos, identifica-se que a economia bangladeshiana cresceu de forma sustentada desde os anos 1980 até o período recente, assim como seu PIB per capita, o volume de produção e as exportações de vestuário do país, mas preservou muitas desigualdades entre gêneros. O desempenho da economia pouco repercutiu no sentido de promover a melhoria do bemestar da mão de obra feminina local empregada no setor de vestuário ou de retirar a mulher da condição de subordinação social.
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