RELAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS, DOS ESTADOS AOS INDIVÍDUOS: UM OLHAR SOBRE AS NAÇÕES UNIDAS E A SEGURANÇA HUMANA NO SUDÃO DO SUL
Palavras-chave:
Relações Internacionais, Segurança Humana, Sudão do SulResumo
O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar o movimento das Relações Internacionais na direção de uma visão etnocêntrica, à luz do conceito de Segurança Humana, e analisar a crise humanitária do Sudão do Sul sob esta ótica. Metodologicamente, emprega-se uma perspectiva qualitativa, combinando a pesquisa documental e bibliográfica para delinear o referencial acerca da proteção de civis. Em seguida, aplica-se uma abordagem indutiva, apoiada na técnica do estudo de caso, examinando a situação humanitária no Sudão do Sul (2011-2017). Nesta discussão, verificou-se que, na arena contemporânea das Relações Internacionais, o indivíduo passou a dividir o enfoque com os estados, à luz do conceito da Segurança Humana. No caso do
Sudão do Sul, observou-se um cenário delineado por desafios múltiplos – não observância dos direitos humanos, debilidade econômica, fragilidade institucional e lapso estatal – onde a ONU tem buscado desenvolver um modelo abrangente e resiliente em prol da proteção da população sul sudanesa.
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