WOMEN'S PERSPECTIVES DEVELOPMENT IN AFGHANISTAN AND NEIGHBOURING COUNTRIES WITH A BRIEF REVIEW OF SOUTH ASIAN AND ISLAMIC COUNTRIES

Autores

  • Juma Rasuli UEPB

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29327/2293200.15.2-4

Palavras-chave:

English

Resumo

Este artigo investiga as perspectivas de desenvolvimento das mulheres no Afeganistão em comparação com os países vizinhos, e apresenta breves revisões da literatura sobre a situação das mulheres em países islâmicos e do Sul da Ásia. Através de análises comparativas entre vizinhos do Afeganistão (como o Irão, Paquistão, China, Tajiquistão, Turquemenistão e Uzbequistão) e países do Sul da Ásia (Paquistão, Índia, Bangladesh, Maldivas, Sri Lanka, Nepal e Butão), há enormes disparidades de gênero. O desenvolvimento relacionado ao gênero baseia-se em alguns indicadores do Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano e do Índice de Desigualdade de Gênero (GII). A primeira dimensão é a saúde, medida pela taxa de mortalidade materna e taxa de natalidade adolescente. O segundo é o empoderamento feminino, através de dois elementos: a razão de assentos parlamentares ocupados por mulheres e a razão de mulheres e homens adultos no ensino secundário e sua participação como força de trabalho. Segundo indicadores do GII, a taxa de mortalidade materna e a taxa de natalidade adolescente são de 638 e 69, respectivamente;  percebemos que são mais elevadas no Afeganistão. Além disso, no Afeganistão, apenas 19 por cento das mulheres estavam envolvidas no setor agrícola nos países do Sul da Ásia.

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2024-09-01

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