AS NEGOCIAÇÕES PARA A PAZ NO SRI LANKA: AVANÇOS E RETROCESSOS
Palavras-chave:
Sri Lanka – guerra civil, Resolução de conflitos – mediação, Noruega, Conflito étnicoResumo
A guerra civil no Sri Lanka foi causada pela constante discriminação de sua maioria étnica, os cingaleses, sobre a maior minoria, os tâmeis. Em 1983, um grupo armado rebelde, os Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) cometeu um ataque que deu início ao conflito. Este se intensificou nos anos 1990, mas os beligerantes se exauriram por volta do ano 2000, quando a Noruega passou a mediar. Houve diversas tentativas de negociação, concomitantes à continuação dos enfrentamentos militares. A Índia impôs uma mediação mal-sucedida nos anos 1980, e o governo do Sri Lanka tentou conversas não mediadas anos 1990. A Noruega mediou o conflito de 2000 a 2008, resultando num Acordo de Cessar-Fogo. O monitoramento do Acordo era frágil e a internacionalização do processo de paz levou à desconfiança das partes, que terminaram o processo de paz em 2008.
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